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number conversion & validation

Description

Lorem ipsum.

K345.numString2Number()

parse formatted numeral string

K345.numericInput()

convert strings of many numeral systems

K345.rom2dec() / K345.dec2rom()

convert from/to roman. Supports numbers up to 1,000,000,000

Requirements

K345 basic methods
for older browsers: Array methods polyfill

Download

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• Array.prototype.some

K345.numString2Number()

Convert a (formatted) string into a numeric value. Default output is decimal (radix=10); if a radix parameter is provided and radix is an integer 2 ≤ radix ≤ 36, the output value will be converted to that numeral system.
Spaces, dots and commas may be used as grouping chars and / or as decimal point (see rules table).

Usage

Number|NaN num = K345.numString2Number(String numString [, Integer radix=10]);

Conversion rules

Lorem ipsum ...

String contains	Chars will be treated as
spaces	grouping chars
two ore more dots; no commas
two ore more commas; no dots
exactly one comma	decimal point
exactly one dot	decimal point
mixed commas & dots	last dot / comma as decimal point any other as grouping chars

Examples

usage examples

javascript

dec = K345.numString2Number('10000001');   // 10000001
dec = K345.numString2Number('10 000 001'); // 10000001
dec = K345.numString2Number('10,000,001'); // 10000001
dec = K345.numString2Number('10.000.001'); // 10000001
dec = K345.numString2Number('10000.001');  // 10000.001
dec = K345.numString2Number('10000,001');  // 10000.001
dec = K345.numString2Number('10 000.001'); // 10000.001
dec = K345.numString2Number('10,000.001'); // 10000.001
dec = K345.numString2Number('10.000,001'); // 10000.001

K345.numericInput()

Converts a string containing a numeral representation to a decimal value, if the string is valid.

This method can be used to process user input, e.g. from an <input> element. If the user input is not valid by the rules of chosen numeral system or if the user input is valid, but the chosen numeral system is disabled, this method returns NaN. With the second parameter types of accepted numeral strings can be enabled/disabled. Behavior can be tested in a test area below.

Input types can be:

decimal
binary
octal
hexadecimal
scientific E notation (calculator)
exponential & root
roman numbers
boolean
any numeral system from base 2 to 36

Usage

Number|NaN decimal = K345.numericInput(String numString [, Object enabledNumSystems]);

String syntax

K345.numericInput() recognizes the numeral system according to certain syntax rules as described below. It is possible to group chars of the numeral string with spaces, e.g. "0b 1011 0101 1101" or "31 415 926 535 E -10" or "MM CM XL IV".

numeral system	syntax rules
Decimal	string composed of 0-9, optionally prefixed by 0d.
Binary	string composed of 0 and 1, prefixed by 0b.
Octal	string composed of 0-7, prefixed by 0o.
Hexadecimal	string composed of 0-9 and A-F, prefixed by 0x or #.
Scientific E notation	string composed of `value` followed by E followed by `exponent of base 10`.
Exponential notation	string composed of `value` followed by ^ or pow or ** followed by `exponent`.
Root notation	string composed of `root degree` (optional, defaults to 2 → square root), followed by √ or root or rt, followed by `value`.
Roman	see K345.parseRoman.
Other systems	string composed of `valid chars` for selected numeral system; followed by `sytem base` in the range of 2 to 36, surrounded by square brackets.
Boolean	boolean true or false; strings "true" or "false"
color index: `placeholder for value`; literal char(s) or words; definition or default

char values for numeral systems:
A=10, B=11, C=12, D=13, E=14, F=15, G=16, H=17, I=18, J=19, K=20, L=21, M=22, N=23, O=24, P=25, Q=26, R=27, S=28, T=29, U=30, V=31, W=32, X=33, Y=34, Z=35,

Valid char values for each numeral system are 0 to (base - 1).
Examples: If base is 5, only 0-4 are valid chars. If base is 16 (hex), only 0-15 (chars 0-9 plus letters A-F) are valid. If base is 22, only 0-21 (chars 0-9 plus letters A-L) are valid.

Examples

Show usage examples

javascript

o = {all: true}; // enable all numeral system conversions

// hexadecimal
dec = K345.numericInput('0xFF', o);         // 255
dec = K345.numericInput('-0xA0', o);        // -160
dec = K345.numericInput('#FF', o);          // 255
// binary
dec = K345.numericInput('0b1000', o);       // 8
dec = K345.numericInput('-0b1110', o);      // -14
// decimal
dec = K345.numericInput('0d345', o);        // 345
dec = K345.numericInput('22', o);           // 22
dec = K345.numericInput('007', o);          // 7 (leading 0 doesn't trigger octal)
// octal
dec = K345.numericInput('0o15', o);         // 13
dec = K345.numericInput('0o100', o);        // 64
// e notation
dec = K345.numericInput('2E3', o);          // 2000
dec = K345.numericInput('-3.14E3', o);      // -3140
dec = K345.numericInput('2222E-2', o);      // 22.22
// exponential and root
dec = K345.numericInput('2 ^ 3', o);        // 8
dec = K345.numericInput('4 pow 3', o);      // 64
dec = K345.numericInput('5 ** 4', o);       // 625
dec = K345.numericInput('3 √ 27', o);       // 3
dec = K345.numericInput('√ 16', o);         // 4
dec = K345.numericInput('root 25', o);      // 5
dec = K345.numericInput('4 rt 16', o);      // 2
// Boolean conversion
dec = K345.numericInput('true', o);         // 1
dec = K345.numericInput(true, o);           // 1
dec = K345.numericInput('false', o);        // 0
dec = K345.numericInput(false, o);          // 0
// misc numeral systems
dec = K345.numericInput('FF[16]', o);       // 255 (hey, that's hex!)
dec = K345.numericInput('-42[10]', o);      // -42 (base 10 => decimal)
dec = K345.numericInput('hi[23]', o);       // 409 (17*23 + 18)
dec = K345.numericInput('200[12]', o);      // 288 (2*12*12 + 0 * 12 + 0 * 1)
// roman
dec = K345.numericInput('MMX', o);          // 2010
dec = K345.numericInput('V*M D CC L I', o); // 5751
dec = K345.numericInput('M X*M', o);        // 9000
dec = K345.numericInput('C*M M*M M', o);    // 901000
dec = K345.numericInput('IV', o);           // 4
dec = K345.numericInput('IIII', o);         // 4

Enable / Disable numeral systems

It is possible to allow only specific numeral systems by setting the value(s) of corresponding properties of an object to true or false. This object has to be provided as second parameter to K345.numericInput. For each property not in this object, the default value will be taken.

By default, the most common numeral systems are enabled:

method accepts	property	enabled
decimal	dec	true
hexadecimal	hex	true
binary	bin	true
octal	oct	true
scientific E notation	sci	true
exponential and root	exp	false
convert boolean	boo	false
roman numbers	rom	false
other numeral systems	num	false

To enable all numeral systems, set the second parameter to {all: true}. All additional properties will be ignored. It is not possible to disable all numeral systems with {all: false}.

examples

Using the second parameter

// examples for second parameter.

{rom: true}
// enabled: all default systems plus roman numbers

{dec: false, oct: false, num: true, sci: false}
// enabled: hexadecimal, binary, other numeral systems

{rom: true, num: true, boo: true, exp: true}
{all: true}
// enabled: all systems

{all: false}
// "all" property will be ignored if not true

Test area for K345.numericInput()

javascript is required for this feature.

test this method

K345.rom2dec() / K345.dec2rom()

Lorem ipsum

Usage

Number|NaN num = K345.rom2dec(String roman);

String roman = K345.dec2rom(Number num [,Boolean group=false]);

Formatting and special chars

K345.rom2dec() allows (but does not require) grouping chars to increase readability. Allowed chars are " " (space), "(" and ")"

Some alternate special chars are allowed for certain values/operations:

char	same as	value/op	code
•	*	multiply	\u2022
Ↄ	D	500	\u2183
ↀ	M	1000	\u2180
ↁ	V•M	5000	\u2181
ↂ	X•M	10000	\u2182

Examples

usage examples

javascript

dec = K345.rom2dec('MCMLXXXIV');  //    1984
dec = K345.rom2dec('VIIII');      //       9
dec = K345.rom2dec('XC');         //      90
dec = K345.rom2dec('LXXXX');      //      90
dec = K345.rom2dec('XLII');       //      42
dec = K345.rom2dec('V*M');        //    5000
dec = K345.rom2dec('V•M');        //    5000
dec = K345.rom2dec('M X*M');      //    9000 => 1000 10*1000 => (10*1000)-1000
dec = K345.rom2dec('X*M');        //   10000
dec = K345.rom2dec('L*M');        //   50000
dec = K345.rom2dec('C*M');        //  100000
dec = K345.rom2dec('D*M');        //  500000
dec = K345.rom2dec('M*M');        // 1000000
dec = K345.rom2dec('(X*M)(C*M)'); //   90000 => 10*1000 100*1000 => (100*1000)-(10*1000)
dec = K345.rom2dec('L•M X•M X•M X•M X•M'); // 90000
dec = K345.rom2dec('C•M M•M X•M C•M M X•M CM XC IX'); // 999999

str = K345.dec2rom(90000);        // X•MC•M
str = K345.dec2rom(2019);         // MMXIX
str = K345.dec2rom(4444);         // MV•MCDXLIV
str = K345.dec2rom(4444, true);   // MV•M CD XL IV
str = K345.dec2rom(8948, true);   // V•M M M M CM XL V I I I